In women, untreated gonorrhea can cause pelvic inflammatory disease. That can lead to its own complications, such as:. A pregnant woman can also transmit gonorrhea to a newborn, resulting in joint infections, blindness, and blood-related infections in the newborn.
In both males and females, gonorrhea can also enter the bloodstream, causing a condition called disseminated gonococcal infection DGI. In severe cases, DGI can be life-threatening. Left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to potentially serious complications. Learn about gonorrhea treatment and prevention here…. Antibiotics are powerful, life-saving medications used to fight infections caused by bacteria. They decrease or kill the growth of bacteria in your…. Yes, you can get a sexually transmitted disease STD from giving or getting a hand job.
Other forms of manual stimulation — as well as oral and…. In the post-sex afterglow, sometimes the question is, "To cuddle or to pee? Here's what you need to know. Experts say chlamydia and gonorrhea can cause damage to a woman's reproductive system and harm a baby if the woman is pregnant. Minus Related Pages. Antibiotic-Resistant Gonorrhea: An Overview Antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria to resist the effects of the drugs used to treat them.
Gonorrhea has decreased susceptibility to a given antibiotic when laboratory results indicate that higher-than-expected levels of an antibiotic are needed to stop its growth. Timeline of Antibiotic Resistance and Changing Treatment Recommendations In , ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, and two cephalosporins ceftriaxone and cefixime were the recommended treatments for gonorrhea. CDC continues to monitor antibiotic resistance to cephalosporins and other drugs. CDC has not received any reports of verified clinical treatment failures to any cephalosporin in the United States.
Get Email Updates. To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address: Email Address. What's this? STDs Home Page. See Also Pregnancy Reproductive Health. The bacteria eventually found ways to survive tetracycline, and resistance quickly developed. Over the next four decades new drugs would be introduced and work initially, only to fail just as tetracycline had. Frank Palella, a professor of infectious diseases at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.
Currently, the CDC recommends a combination drug therapy of two different antibiotics in the form of an intramuscular shot of ceftriaxone, and a pill — azithromycin or doxycycline.
Not all of the current drugs have stopped working — yet. But the options are fewer and fewer, said Hook. Doctors prescribing drugs that no longer work against gonorrhea are part of the problem. A study published in the BMJ in found that one in five general practitioners in England were still prescribing ciprofloxacin, an ineffective antibiotic, even though treatment guidelines had changed 12 years earlier.
Also, the infection is often asymptomatic, so people don't seek treatment and unknowingly spread the disease. As transmission rates rise, so does the possibility of new mutations of the bacteria. If left untreated in women, the infection can cause long-term abdominal pain and pelvic inflammatory disease, which can lead to ectopic pregnancy and infertility.
If a woman has gonorrhea when she gives birth, her newborn can be infected. Complications in newborns Newborns of women with untreated gonorrhea may have any of the following complications: Pinkeye conjunctivitis. Most newborns who have gonorrhea also get pinkeye. An infection in the bloodstream sepsis Inflammation of a joint arthritis Scalp infections at the site of a fetal monitoring device Infection of the fluid and tissues that surround the brain and spinal cord meningitis Complications in men Men with untreated gonorrhea may develop: Epididymitis , an inflammation and infection of the epididymis—the long, tightly coiled tube that lies behind each testicle and collects sperm.
An inflammation of the prostate gland prostatitis. Complications of untreated gonorrhea in other areas of the body Disseminated gonococcal infection DGI occurs when the gonorrhea infection spreads to sites other than the genitals, such as the joints, skin, heart, or blood. Complications of DGI include: Fever. Skin infection cellulitis. An infection in the bloodstream sepsis. Inflammation of a joint arthritis. It most often affects the knees and hands. An infection and inflammation of the heart valves and the chambers of the heart endocarditis.
An infection of the fluid and tissues that surround the brain and spinal cord meningitis. What Increases Your Risk Risk factors for getting gonorrhea include: Having multiple sex partners more than one sex partner in the past year. Having a high-risk partner partner has other sex partners, unprotected sex, or gonorrhea-infected sex partners. Having unprotected sexual contact not using condoms. When should you call your doctor?
In women: Call your doctor immediately if you have the following symptoms. Vaginal discharge that has become yellowish, thicker, or bad-smelling Bleeding between periods that occurs more than once when periods are usually regular Pain during sexual intercourse Bleeding after sexual intercourse Sores, bumps, rashes, blisters, or warts on or around the genital or anal area Anal itching, discomfort, bleeding, or discharge. Burning, pain, or itching with urination or frequent urination lasting longer than 24 hours Pelvic or lower belly pain that occurs without a known cause, such as diarrhea or menstrual cramps Pinkeye conjunctivitis Call your doctor or clinic if you have unprotected sex with someone who has, or who you think may have, a sexually transmitted infection.
In men: Call your doctor immediately if you have the following symptoms. Sores, bumps, rashes, blisters, or warts on or around the genital or anal areas Burning, pain, or itching with urination or frequent urination lasting longer than 24 hours Suspected exposure to a sexually transmitted infection Abnormal discharge from the penis Pinkeye conjunctivitis Anal itching, discomfort, bleeding, or discharge. Watchful waiting Watchful waiting is a period of time during which you and your doctor observe your symptoms or condition without using medical treatment.
Who to see Health professionals who can diagnose and treat gonorrhea include: Nurse practitioner. Physician assistant. Family medicine physician. Exams and Tests Diagnosis of gonorrhea includes a medical history and a physical exam. Do you think you have been exposed to any sexually transmitted infections STIs? How do you know? Did your partner tell you? What are your symptoms? Do you have any discharge?
If you have discharge from your vagina or penis, it is important to note any smell or color. Do you have sores in your genital area or anywhere else on your body? Do you have any urinary symptoms, including frequent urination, burning or stinging with urination, or urinating in small amounts? Do you have any unusual belly or pelvic pain? What method of birth control do you use? Do you use a condom to protect against STIs every time you have sex? Do you or your partner engage in certain sexual behaviors that may put you at risk, such as having multiple sex partners or having sex without using a condom except if you're in a long-term relationship?
Have you had an STI in the past? How was it treated? Your doctor will ask you questions about your medical history. Then: A woman may have a pelvic exam. A man may have a genital exam to look for signs of urethritis and epididymitis.
You may have a urine test for gonorrhea. Your doctor may recommend testing for: Chlamydia, a bacterial infection of the urethra in men, and the urethra, the cervix, or the upper reproductive organs or all three in women. Syphilis, a bacterial infection in which the most common symptom is a painless sore called a chancre say "SHANK-er" that develops on the genitals.
Hepatitis B, a viral infection that causes the liver to become swollen and tender inflamed. Human immunodeficiency virus HIV , a virus that attacks the immune system, making it difficult for the body to fight off infection and some diseases. Early detection The U. Treatment Overview Gonorrhea causes no long-term problems if it is treated early in the course of the infection before any complications develop. Initial treatment Gonorrhea is treated with antibiotics.
Treatment is recommended for: A person who has a positive gonorrhea test. Anyone who has had sexual contact in the past 60 days with a person diagnosed with gonorrhea, whether or not they have symptoms or used condoms. A newborn whose mother has gonorrhea at the time of delivery.
Do not have sexual contact with anyone: While you are being treated. Until both you and your partner s have been tested and treated. If you are treated for gonorrhea and your sex partner is not, you will probably become infected again. Treatment if the condition does not get better Symptoms that do not go away after treatment may be caused by another gonorrhea infection or treatment failure.
What to think about To prevent reinfection, don't have sex until any partner that might be infected is tested and treated. Prevention You can take measures to reduce your risk of becoming infected with gonorrhea or another sexually transmitted infection STI.
Practice safer sex Preventing a sexually transmitted infection STI is easier than treating an infection after it occurs. Talk with your partner about STIs before beginning a sexual relationship. Find out whether he or she is at risk for an STI. Remember that it is quite possible to be infected with an STI without knowing it. Don't have more than one sexual relationship at a time.
Your risk for an STI increases if you have several sex partners at the same time. Home Treatment There is no home treatment for gonorrhea. It requires medicine prescribed by a doctor. If you have been diagnosed with gonorrhea: Take the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor.
If you skip doses or do not complete the treatment, the infection may not be cured. Do not have sexual contact with anyone while you are being treated.
If your treatment is a single dose of antibiotics, wait at least 7 days after taking the dose before having any sexual contact. Make sure your partner knows that he or she needs to be treated even if there are no symptoms. You can spread the infection to others even if you do not have symptoms.
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