Meanwhile, the Labour Party has returned to electability since the replacement of the left-wing Jeremy Corbyn by the centrist Sir Keir Starmer, a former human rights lawyer and also former Director of Public Prosecutions. By September, Labour had again caught up with the Conservatives in the opinion polls. The Boris Johnson era The Conservative party has been taken over by the hard right. Boris Johnson has filled his Cabinet government with men and women who campaigned for Brexit, and has appointed arch-Brexiteer Jacob Rees-Mogg to the position of Leader of the House of Commons.
The Leader of the House is the member of the Government who is in charge of organising the business of the House. The centrist Conservatives who were prominent in all of Theresa May's cabinets - men such as Philip Hammond, former Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Rory Stewart or David Gauke, former Justice Secretary - have either refused to work with Boris Johnson, or have been dropped from the government.
Under Johnson, the Conservative Party has become the party of Hard Brexit — forcing traditional moderate Conservatives to question their party loyalty. Many supporters and a fair number of former party members have abandoned the party, some of them becoming independents, others even including former Conservative deputy Prime Minister Michael Heseltine joining or supporting the Lib Dems.
Many moderates have now either left the Conservative Party, or did not stand for reelection in the General Election.
December In the December election, the Conservatives won a majority of 80 seats in the House of Commons, taking The Theresa May government The May government, the government in charge of negotiating Britain's exit from the European Union Brexit was a strange mix of right-wing nationalism and centrist "compassionate Conservatism". In her speech to the Tory Party conference in Autumn , Theresa May sounded almost like a leader of the Labour Party in her promises to help the "Jams" those who are Just-About-Managing to get by in life ; yet on Brexit, her rhetoric has been that of strident nationalism.
In a move to appease the hard-liners in her party, and much to the alarm of the Conservative centre, she pledged not only to take the UK out of the EU, but also out of the Single European Market, the free trade area that extends beyond the EU.
As from June 9th , May had to depend for support on an agreement not a coalition with "friends and allies" in the right-wing protestant Democratic Unionist Party of Northern Ireland, to form a government. This was a marriage of convenience which failed to give May the success she was hoping for. She resigned in after her Brexit agreement, carefully negotiated with the EU, was rejected three times in the House of Commons. New - With no policies other than to call for a 'hard" Brexit, the BP nevertheless immediately became the UKs most popular political party in terms of voting intentions for the European Elections.
As a result, the Brexit Party did better in the EU elections than any other party, and secured more of the UK's seats in the European Parliament than any other party. Ironic for a party that does not believe in the European Union. In the General election, the Brexit party supported the Conservative candidates in seats already held by the Conservatives.
The party changed its name to the Reform Party in It has no representatives in Parliament. However they did not emerge as the new party of opposition, and as well as gaining seats, they lost some. In spite of being the only one of the three major parties that was committed to opposing Brexit, and in spite of gaining 60, new members in the Lib-Dems continued to show very poorly in opinion polls compared to Conservatives or Labour. As the only party that has been clearly and consistently opposed to Brexit, the Liberal Democrats staged a strong comeback.
In the European Parliamentary Elections, they came second, beating both the Conservatives and Labour. They then increased their representation in Parliament in August by retaking the Brecon and Randnorshire seat from the Conservatives in a by-election.
Later in the year, it increased its parliamentary presence to 19, as sitting MPs from both the Conservatives and Labour, in progound disagreement with their parties over Brexit, defected to the Lib Dems.
December When Theresa May called the surprise general election, it was expected that Labour would lose a lot of seats as more and more traditional voters in working-class areas moved over to the Conservatives. However thanks to poor campaigning by the Conservatives and very good campaigning by Jeremy Corbyn, Labour instead gained 29 seats and the Conservatives lost 12, and lost their absolute majority in Parliament.
In January , in spite of the Conservative government's huge unpopularity, Labour had not surged ahead in the opinion polls, as normally happens when a government is very unpopular. Polls showed that this was essentially due to Jeremy Corbyn. In the December general election, Labour suffered a humiliating defeat, losing 60 seats.
The defeat was largely attributed to the unpopularity of Jeremy Corbyn as a leader, to the party's inability to provide a clear position on Brexit, and to voter apprehension about the far-left policies put forward by the leadership. Given some of the negative connotations attached to "Tory", it's perhaps not surprising that party officials prefer the official, more neutral, name.
Broadcasters are used to receiving emails from party HQ, asking them to refer to the party as Conservative in the first instance, especially at election time. The political term "Tory" dates back to the "Exclusion Crisis" which took place between and during the reign of Charles II.
Two political factions had emerged in Parliament: those who wanted to exclude Charles' brother James, the Duke of York, from succeeding the king because he was a Roman Catholic the Whigs and those who supported his rights to the throne the Tories.
Although Tories began by supporting a Catholic heir's rights to succession, they went on to be associated with Anglicanism as well as strong monarchist and patriotic sympathies. The term "Conservative" first started to be used widely in the s under the leadership of Sir Robert Peel. He re-interpreted the key elements of the old Tory tradition, effectively modernising the party under the banner of support for social reform and free trade.
While the Tory party under the Duke of Wellington had been strongly opposed to the Reform Bill which extended voting rights, Peel accepted it, declaring his support in the Tamworth Manifesto of Despite the adoption of a new name, "Tory" endured and the two terms became interchangeable, with the older name appearing in official publications such as Lord Hailsham's "Toryism and Tomorrow" lecture of In the early 20th century, both terms were briefly eclipsed by a new name, "Unionist", to reflect the party's resistance to Irish Home Rule.
In the latter part of the century, "Conservative" emerged as the official name. The term has also endured in Canada where centre-right Conservatives are known as Tories. In the 17th Century, one of the dispossessed Irish, who became outlaws, subsisting by plundering and killing the English settlers and soldiers; a bog-trotter, a rapparee; later, often applied to any Irish Papist or Royalist in arms.
With capital T: A nickname given by the Exclusioners to those who opposed the exclusion of James, Duke of York a Roman Catholic from the succession to the Crown.
Hence, from , the name of one of the two great parliamentary and political parties in England, and at length in Great Britain. Usually with capital initial: a supporter or member of the Conservative Party of Great Britain, or a similar party elsewhere; a Tory. In early use: one who espoused the policies of Sir Robert Peel.
Source: Oxford English Dictionary. The evolutionary way in which the party has been described over time reflects what many historians see as its most essential and enduring feature: adaptability.
Unlike Labour, the Conservative Party was never officially founded and did not even have a written constitution until Lord Lexden says flexibility in the face of change has been a strength.
That has been the secret of its success," he writes. Activists at the Conservative Party conference in Birmingham did not seem to mind being called Conservatives or Tories. Rebecca Chappell, Windsor,
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